Nanonetworks, i.e., networks of nanomachines, will enable a plethora of applications in the biomedical, environmental, industrial and military fields. The integration of several of these nano-components into a single device will enable the development of advanced nanomachines. Nanotechnology is providing a new set of tools to the engineering community to design and manufacture nanoscale components with unprecedented functionalities. The principles and methodologies discussed are important in the design and optimization of modern communication systems such as 4G LTE, WiFi, optical fiber/free-space communications, underwater acoustic communications and so on. This course introduces basic principles and concept to design modern digital communication systems, including major components of a communication system, various communication channel models, basic transmitter and receiver designs (baseband signal, bandpass signal, Qsignal, I-signal, modulation/demodulation process), various digital modulation techniques (PAM, PSK, QAM, FSK, NRZ, CPM, GMSK), optimum detection and demodulation methods (MAP and ML detectors, error probability, optimum detector for AWGN channel, optimum detection and error probability analysis for various modulation schemes, non-coherent detector), carrier and symbol synchronization (carrier phase and symbol timing recovery), channel capacity and channel encoding/decoding (error-correction codes, basic linear block codes, convolutional codes, TCM, Viterbi decoding algorithm). This course will provide the students with the necessary knowledge to understand current data communication networks as well as to contribute to the development of next generation telecommunication systems. In addition to the theoretical lectures, guided experimental assignments with advanced network simulation and monitoring tools will be conducted to better illustrate the concepts learnt in the class. In particular, the functionalities of the physical layer, e.g., information modulation, coding and transmission data link layer, e.g., medium access control, error control and addressing network layer, e.g., information routing and forwarding transport layer, e.g., end-to-end reliable transport and QoS provisioning, and application layer, will be discussed in detail. A bottom-up layered approach will be used to explain how the performance requirements of telecommunication networks have been traditionally solved. In this course, the fundamental concepts of telecommunication networks will be introduced. The course also includes discussions on such fabrication techniques as laser-ablation, magnetron and ion beam sputter deposition, epitaxy for layer structures, rubber stamping for nanoscale wire-like patterns, and electroplating into nanoscale porous membranes. Finally, devices based on single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes are presented with emphasis on their unique electronic and mechanical properties that are expected to lead to ground breaking industrial nanodevices. Discusses optical devices including semiconductor lasers incorporating active regions of quantum wells and self-assembled formation of quantum-dot-structures for new generation of semiconductor layers. Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in multilayered structures are presented with their applications in hard disk heads, random access memory (RAM) and sensors. The course introduces basic single-charged electronics, including quantum dots and wires, single-electron transistors (SETs), nanoscale tunnel junctions, and so forth. The recent emergence of fabrication tools and techniques capable of constructing nanometersized structures has opened up numerous possibilities for the development of new devices with size domains ranging from 0.1 - 50 nm. The specific topics covered include quantum postulates, states, ensembles, density matrix, pure and mixed states, qubits, Pauli matrix, Bloch sphere, single-qubit states, rotation matrix in R3, Schmidt decomposition and state purification, orthogonal measurement, generalized measurement (POVM), unitary evolution operator, Krauss evolution operator, entanglement, EPR states, Bell inequality, dense coding, quantum teleportation, no cloning, EPR quantum key distribution, single-qubit quantum gates (Hadamard), reversible gates (Fredkin, Toffoli, Feynman), quantum Fourier transform (Shor’s algorithm), quantum search (Grover’s algorithm), physical realization examples including superconducting circuit QED, single electron spin qubit in quantum dot and selected device topics of recent development.
This course introduces concepts and applications of quantum computing and covers basic quantum mechanics focused on two-level systems (qubit), basic principles and examples of quantum gates and some concrete examples of physical realization of quantum computers.